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Table 2 Heart function measurement using Echocardiography by the end of observation

From: Cocultured amniotic stem cells and cardiomyocytes in a 3-D acellular heart patch reduce the infarct size and left ventricle remodeling: promote angiogenesis in a porcine acute myocardial infarction model

Remodeling indicator

Control

pASC

Co-culture

p value*

Ejection fraction (%)

68.28 ± 8.64 (Cl 95% 54.52–82.03)

68.33 ± 6.70 (Cl 95% 57.66–78.99)

58.53 ± 14.92 (Cl 95% 40.00–77.06)

0.348

Wall motion abnormalities

   

0.259

Improvement

0 (0%)

1 (25%)

(60%)

 

No different

2 (50%)

2 (50%)

1 (20%)

 

Deteriorated

2 (50%)

1 (25%)

1 (20%)

 

Posterior wall thickness (mm)

12.58 ± 0.89 (Cl 95% 11.15–14.00)

11.85 ± 2.15 (Cl 95% 8.43–15.27)

11.82 ± 4.48 (Cl 95% 6.26–17.38)

0.925

Interventricular septal wall thickness (mm)

13.03 ± 1.76 (CI 95% 10.23–15.82)

13.89 ± 0.83 (CI 95% 12.57–15.21)

11.7 ± 2.82 (CI 95% 8.19–15.21)

0.322

  1. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis for the categorical grouping, with p < 0.05 considered significant